Disney's Twelve Basic Principles of
Animation is a set of principles of animation introduced by the Disney
animators Ollie Johnston and Frank Thomas in their 1981 book The
Illusion of Life: Disney Animation.
Johnston and Thomas in turn based their book on the work of the leading Disney animators from the 1930s onwards, and their effort to produce more realistic animations.
The
main purpose of the principles was to produce an illusion of characters
adhering to the basic laws of physics, but they also dealt with more
abstract issues, such as emotional timing and character appeal.
The book and some of its principles have been adopted by some traditional studios, and have been referred to by some as the "Bible of animation."
In 1999 the book was voted number one of the "best animation books of all time" in an online poll.
Though originally intended to apply to traditional, hand-drawn animation, the principles still have great relevance for today's more prevalent computer animation.
The 12 basic principles of animation were developed by the 'old men' of Walt Disney Studios, amongst them Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnston, during the 1930s. Of course they weren't old men at the time, but young men who were at the forefront of exciting discoveries that were contributing to the development of a new art form. These principles came as a result of reflection about their practice and through Disney's desire to use animation to express character and personality.
Johnston and Thomas in turn based their book on the work of the leading Disney animators from the 1930s onwards, and their effort to produce more realistic animations.
The
main purpose of the principles was to produce an illusion of characters
adhering to the basic laws of physics, but they also dealt with more
abstract issues, such as emotional timing and character appeal.The book and some of its principles have been adopted by some traditional studios, and have been referred to by some as the "Bible of animation."
In 1999 the book was voted number one of the "best animation books of all time" in an online poll.
Though originally intended to apply to traditional, hand-drawn animation, the principles still have great relevance for today's more prevalent computer animation.
The 12 basic principles of animation were developed by the 'old men' of Walt Disney Studios, amongst them Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnston, during the 1930s. Of course they weren't old men at the time, but young men who were at the forefront of exciting discoveries that were contributing to the development of a new art form. These principles came as a result of reflection about their practice and through Disney's desire to use animation to express character and personality.
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